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Terms Explained

Glossary of Pregnancy Screening Terms

Acronyms & Abbreviations

NT
NF
CRL
CST
NB
DV
TR
NIPT
CVS
SMART Test®
cfDNA
TP53
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1 in 7

Women in the UK will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the UK, making awareness and early detection especially important.

10%

Up to 10% of breast cancers are caused by inherited gene changes

Variants in genes like BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 can significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.

72%

Lifetime risk for women with BRCA1 gene variant

This is compared to a 12–13% average lifetime risk in the general population.

55,000

women and 400 men are diagnosed with breast cancer in the UK every year

While it’s much more common in women, men can also carry inherited risks and develop the disease.

Table of contents

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What are the causes?

‍What are the Symptoms?A lump or swelling in the breast, upper chest, or armpitChange in the size or shape of the breastSkin changes such as dimpling, puckering, or rednessA rash or crusting around the nippleNipple discharge (that’s not breast milk)Nipple turning inwards (inversion)Pain in the breast or armpitA change in the appearance or feel of the nipple or breast

Disclaimer! The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is based on NHS recommendations. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider for advice on medical conditions or treatments.

References

  • The Great Flood: It rained for 40 days and 40 nights.
  • The Israelite Exodus: The Israelites wandered in the desert for 40 years.
  • Moses' time on Mount Sinai: He spent two separate periods of 40 days and nights receiving the Law.
  • Moses' early life: He lived 40 years in Egypt and 40 years in the desert.
  • The spies: Moses sent 12 spies to explore the promised land for 40 days.
  • Elijah: He traveled for 40 days and nights to reach Mount Horeb.
  • David and Goliath: Goliath taunted the Israelites for 40 days before David defeated him.
  • Jonah: Jonah warned the city of Nineveh that it would be overthrown in 40 days.
  • Ezekiel: He lay on his right side for 40 days to bear the iniquity of Judah.
  • Jesus' temptation: Jesus fasted and was tempted for 40 days in the wilderness.
  • Jesus' post-resurrection appearances: 40 days passed between his resurrection and ascension into heaven.
  • Lent: This 40-day period is a time of prayer and fasting in remembrance of Jesus' time in the desert.

Genetic
Counselling

NT Risks

Conditions associated with high Nuchal Transluncency (NT)

Type of Cancers

Type of Cancers

We offer expert advice and testing for a range of genes that may increase your risk of developing certain types of cancer.

View Full Gene List

Other Testing Options

Genetic testing helps assess your cancer risk - explore the diagnostic tests we offer for a range of cancers

Understanding Key Terms

NIPT

At Jeen, genetic testing for breast cancer is available to anyone who wants to better understand their inherited risk, especially if you have a personal or family history of breast, ovarian, or related cancers.

You don’t need a referral, and there’s no strict checklist to meet. Even if you feel healthy, testing can reveal gene changes you wouldn’t otherwise know about. Our expert team will guide you through your eligibility during your consultation, helping you decide if testing is right for you.

SMART Test®

Genetic testing for breast cancer is worth it because it gives you answers you can act on. Inherited gene changes can raise your risk, even without symptoms or a family history.

Knowing about them early means you can take steps to reduce that risk, from increased screening to prevention. With Jeen, you get results you can trust. It’s not just a test, it’s a way to take charge of your health and future.

Genomic NIPT

Genetic testing for breast cancer looks for inherited changes, called mutations,in genes that can raise your risk. The most well-known are BRCA1 and BRCA2, which help repair DNA.

If they’re not working properly, your chance of developing breast or ovarian cancer goes up. At Jeen, we also test for other important genes like PALB2, CHEK2, and TP53. Finding these changes can help guide your screening, prevention, or treatment options.

cfDNA

You should consider genetic testing if you have a family history of breast, ovarian, or related cancers, especially if they were diagnosed at a young age. It’s also recommended if a relative has a known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, or if multiple family members on one side have had cancer. At Jeen, our team helps you understand if testing is right for you. Even if your family history isn’t obvious, hidden risk can still be there, and testing brings clarity.

Monogenic diseases

You should consider genetic testing for breast cancer if you notice any unusual lumps or changes in your breast tissue, or if breast or ovarian cancer runs in your family, especially if diagnosed under age 50 or affecting multiple relatives It’s also worth it if a close relative has a known BRCA mutation.

But you don’t need a strong family history to benefit from these tests. At Jeen, we offer at-home testing and expert support to help you decide the right time, whether you’re planning proactively or following up on your family history.

SMART NT

Jeen's at-home breast cancer tests are just as accurate as hospital-based ones. We work with accredited lab, Fulgent Genetics, that use advanced 50x DNA sequencing to spot inherited risks. You’ll also get expert support from our genetic counsellors, who guide you through your results clearly and compassionately : before, during and after testing. It’s trusted, clinical-grade care, all from the comfort of home.

Basic NIPT

Jeen’s breast cancer genetic testing is built for clinical accuracy. We use high-depth DNA sequencing to detect meaningful inherited changes, not just any variation. Every result is carefully reviewed by experts and clearly explained by our genetic counsellors, so you know exactly what it means for your health.

With trusted technology and personalised support, your results are accurate, reliable, and easy to understand from the comfort of home.

NT

In the UK, most people are invited for NHS breast screening every three years from age 50 to 53 until one turns 71. But if you have a higher genetic risk like a BRCA mutation, you may need annual screening, starting earlier. That’s where genetic testing comes in. It helps uncover inherited risks so your screening plan can be personalised, not one-size-fits-all. With the right insight, you can take steps to protect your health sooner.

NF

Breast cancer genetic testing is available on the NHS if you meet certain criteria like a strong family history. Your GP or specialist can refer you to a genetic counselling service, but NHS testing may be limited to key genes and involve longer wait times.

Private genetic testing, like Jeen’s, is available without referral, offers broader gene panels, and delivers faster results. We provide clear pricing and expert guidance, so you can take control without delay.

CVS

Jeen’s genetic testing for breast cancer is priced at £660. This all-inclusive cost covers your at-home DNA kit, lab analysis using high-depth 50x sequencing, and a personalised consultation with one of our expert genetic counsellors.

The test analyses 50 carefully chosen genes, each backed by strong scientific evidence linked to prostate cancer risk. You’ll get accurate insights into your inherited risk and support to help you decide on next steps with no extra charges or referrals needed.

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